Basics of Probability

In daily life, we often hear statements such as:

1. It will probably rain this afternoon.
2. Joni has a big chance of becoming class president.
3. Indonesia has only a small chance of beating Brazil in a football match.

Words like probably, big chance, and small chance describe how likely an event is. In mathematics, that likelihood can be studied more precisely.

Introduction

A. Basic Competencies

3.10 Analyze data based on data distribution, mean, median, and mode in order to draw conclusions, make decisions, and make predictions.

4.10 Present and solve problems related to data distribution, mean, median, mode, and data spread in order to draw conclusions, make decisions, and make predictions.

Introduction

Basic Competencies

9. Distinguish and determine the surface area and volume of solid figures such as cubes, cuboids, prisms, and pyramids. 4.9 Solve problems related to the surface area and volume of solid figures and their combinations.

Learning Objectives

After studying pyramid material, students are expected to be able to:

Introduction

This lesson covers the definition of a prism, its parts, diagonals, nets, surface area, volume, and volume changes.

Basic Competencies

3.9 Distinguish and determine the surface area and volume of polyhedra such as cubes, cuboids, prisms, and pyramids.

4.9 Solve problems related to the surface area and volume of those solids and their combinations.

Introduction

This lesson covers the definition of a circle, the elements of a circle, the approximation of $\pi$, the formulas for circumference and area, and a few contextual examples.

Basic Competencies

3.7 Explain central angles, inscribed angles, arc length, and the area of a sector, along with their relationships.

Introduction

From the Pythagorean theorem, we know the relation:

Three positive integers $(a,b,c)$ that satisfy this equation are called Pythagorean triples. If the three numbers have no common factor other than 1, the triple is called a primitive Pythagorean triple.

Introduction

In a right triangle, there is a special relationship between the hypotenuse and the two legs. This relationship is known as the Pythagorean theorem.

Basic Competencies

3.6 Explain and prove the Pythagorean theorem and Pythagorean triples.

4.6 Solve problems related to the Pythagorean theorem and Pythagorean triples.

Introduction

A. Basic Competencies

3.9 Distinguish and determine the surface area and volume of flat-sided solid figures (cube, cuboid, prism, and pyramid). 4.9 Solve problems related to the surface area and volume of flat-sided solid figures (cube, cuboid, prism, and pyramid), as well as their combinations.

Introduction

A. Basic Competencies

4. Distinguish and determine area surface and volume of flat sided figures (cube, cuboid, prism and pyramid).4.9 Solve problems related to surface area and volume of a flat-sided figure (cube, cuboid, prism and pyramid), as well as combinations thereof.

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   Introduction

   

   Basic Competencies

   3.5 Explain systems of linear equations in two variables and their solutions in contextual problems.

   4.5 Solve problems related to systems of linear equations in two variables.

   Learning Objectives

   After studying this material, students are expected to be able to:

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